Ethics Policy

1. When reporting studies on human beings, indicate whether the procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional or regional) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 (available at https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethical-principles-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects)
2. For prospective studies involving human participants, authors are expected to mention about approval of (regional/ national/ institutional or independent Ethics Committee or Review Board, obtaining informed consent from adult research participants and obtaining assent for children aged over 7 years participating in the trial. The age beyond which assent would be required could vary as per regional and/ or national guidelines.
3. Ensure confidentiality of subjects by desisting from mentioning participants names, initials or hospital numbers, especially in illustrative material. When reporting experiments on animals, indicate whether the institution's or a national research council's guide for, or any national law on the care and use of laboratory animals was followed.
4. Evidence for approval by a local Ethics Committee (for both human as well as animal studies) must be supplied by the authors on demand. Animal experimental procedures should be as humane as possible and the details of anesthetics and analgesics used should be clearly stated.
5. The ethical standards of experiments must be in accordance with the guidelines provided by the CPCSEA and World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki on Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Humans for studies involving experimental animals and human beings, respectively). The journal will not consider any paper which is ethically unacceptable.

A statement on ethics committee permission and ethical practices (Institutional Ethics Committee /Institutional Review Board approval statement, Approval reference number and date) and Patient consent information (Patient Consent Declaration statement along with the reason for obtaining the consent) should be mentioned in the manuscripts and must be included in all research articles as shown below. A copy of the ethics approval statement should also be emailed with the paper.

Patient consent for publication of case reports is essential along with permission to publish reports, photographs and imaging scans.

Manuscripts without Ethics Committee approvals shall not be accepted for publication under any circumstances.